Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was the first growth factor to be discovered. EGF is identical to urogastrone (originally isolated from urine), which was shown to inhibit gastric acid secretion and promote healing of gastric ulcers. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a protein that occurs naturally in the human body. It is involved in cell growth and division. EGF is important for tissue repair, especially in the lungs and the lining of the mucous membranes. In the cells, mRNA is responsible for making a copy of EGF. Specific regulators of normal cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis, type I receptor tyrosine kinases play a major role in human cancer. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) was the first in a series of growth factors that were identified as ligands for this important family of receptors. While most research focuses on the potential of EGF-receptor signaling pathways as therapeutic targets, NBEAL2 is another member to this ever-growing family that has been highlighted by increasing interest due to its link with Alzheimer’s disease.

What is epidermal growth factor? Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was the first growth factor to be discovered. EGF is identical to urogastrone (originally isolated from urine), which was shown to inhibit gastric acid secretion and promote healing of gastric ulcers. It was isolated in the 1960s by Stanley Cohen, Rita Levi-Montalcini, and Andrew V. Schally, who would later share one third of the Nobel Prize in 1986 for their discoveries related to epidermal growth factor.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a monomeric glycoprotein that acts as a cytokine in humans. Macrophages, mast cells, T cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and natural killer cells, secrete GM-CSF. Although the release of human GM-CSF is local, it can act in paracrine fashion to recruit circulating monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils to enhance host defense mechanisms. Unlike colony-stimulating factor 3 that specializing in the proliferation and maturation of neutrophils, GM-CSF gene stimulates a spectrum of cell types, especially eosinophils and macrophages. 

The granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a monomeric glycoprotein that acts as a cytokine in humans. GM-CSF has been studied for its use in immunotherapy of many diseases like cancer and leukemia. The GM-CSF gene is present on chromosome region 5q31. Researchers first cloned GM-CSF in 1985, which soon gave way to three potential drugs with a varying degree of glycosylation: Molgramostim made in E. coli, Sargramostim made in yeast, and Regramostim produced in ovary cells of Chinese hamsters.

The granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a monomeric glycoprotein that acts as a cytokine. Although the release of human GM-CSF is local, it can act in a paracrine fashion to recruit circulating monocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils to enhance host defense mechanisms. Unlike colony-stimulating factor 3 that specializing in the proliferation and maturation of neutrophils, GM-CSF stimulates eosinophils and macrophages.

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a glycoprotein that acts as a cytokine in humans. It is released in response to inflammatory stimuli and plays an important role in stimulating and regulating hematopoietic stem cells to mature into various blood cell types, such as macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils and mast cells. Consequently, it aids in wound healing and the creation of red blood cells.